resident_runner.dart

// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

// @dart = 2.8

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:dds/dds.dart' as dds;
import 'package:meta/meta.dart';
import 'package:package_config/package_config.dart';
import 'package:vm_service/vm_service.dart' as vm_service;

import 'application_package.dart';
import 'artifacts.dart';
import 'asset.dart';
import 'base/command_help.dart';
import 'base/common.dart';
import 'base/context.dart';
import 'base/file_system.dart';
import 'base/io.dart' as io;
import 'base/logger.dart';
import 'base/platform.dart';
import 'base/signals.dart';
import 'base/terminal.dart';
import 'base/utils.dart';
import 'build_info.dart';
import 'build_system/build_system.dart';
import 'build_system/targets/dart_plugin_registrant.dart';
import 'build_system/targets/localizations.dart';
import 'bundle.dart';
import 'cache.dart';
import 'compile.dart';
import 'convert.dart';
import 'devfs.dart';
import 'device.dart';
import 'features.dart';
import 'globals.dart' as globals;
import 'project.dart';
import 'resident_devtools_handler.dart';
import 'run_cold.dart';
import 'run_hot.dart';
import 'sksl_writer.dart';
import 'vmservice.dart';

class FlutterDevice {
  FlutterDevice(
    this.device, {
    @required this.buildInfo,
    this.fileSystemRoots,
    this.fileSystemScheme,
    TargetModel targetModel = TargetModel.flutter,
    this.targetPlatform,
    ResidentCompiler generator,
    this.userIdentifier,
  }) : assert(buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation != null),
       generator = generator ?? ResidentCompiler(
         globals.artifacts.getArtifactPath(
           Artifact.flutterPatchedSdkPath,
           platform: targetPlatform,
           mode: buildInfo.mode,
         ),
         buildMode: buildInfo.mode,
         trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
         fileSystemRoots: fileSystemRoots ?? <String>[],
         fileSystemScheme: fileSystemScheme,
         targetModel: targetModel,
         dartDefines: buildInfo.dartDefines,
         packagesPath: buildInfo.packagesPath,
         extraFrontEndOptions: buildInfo.extraFrontEndOptions,
         artifacts: globals.artifacts,
         processManager: globals.processManager,
         logger: globals.logger,
         platform: globals.platform,
         fileSystem: globals.fs,
       );

  /// Create a [FlutterDevice] with optional code generation enabled.
  static Future<FlutterDevice> create(
    Device device, {
    @required String target,
    @required BuildInfo buildInfo,
    @required Platform platform,
    List<String> fileSystemRoots,
    String fileSystemScheme,
    TargetModel targetModel = TargetModel.flutter,
    List<String> experimentalFlags,
    ResidentCompiler generator,
    String userIdentifier,
  }) async {
    ResidentCompiler generator;
    final TargetPlatform targetPlatform = await device.targetPlatform;
    if (device.platformType == PlatformType.fuchsia) {
      targetModel = TargetModel.flutterRunner;
    }
    // For both web and non-web platforms we initialize dill to/from
    // a shared location for faster bootstrapping. If the compiler fails
    // due to a kernel target or version mismatch, no error is reported
    // and the compiler starts up as normal. Unexpected errors will print
    // a warning message and dump some debug information which can be
    // used to file a bug, but the compiler will still start up correctly.
    if (targetPlatform == TargetPlatform.web_javascript) {
      // TODO(jonahwilliams): consistently provide these flags across platforms.
      HostArtifact platformDillArtifact;
      final List<String> extraFrontEndOptions = List<String>.of(buildInfo.extraFrontEndOptions ?? <String>[]);
      if (buildInfo.nullSafetyMode == NullSafetyMode.unsound) {
        platformDillArtifact = HostArtifact.webPlatformKernelDill;
        if (!extraFrontEndOptions.contains('--no-sound-null-safety')) {
          extraFrontEndOptions.add('--no-sound-null-safety');
        }
      } else if (buildInfo.nullSafetyMode == NullSafetyMode.sound) {
        platformDillArtifact = HostArtifact.webPlatformSoundKernelDill;
        if (!extraFrontEndOptions.contains('--sound-null-safety')) {
          extraFrontEndOptions.add('--sound-null-safety');
        }
      } else {
        assert(false);
      }

      generator = ResidentCompiler(
        globals.artifacts.getHostArtifact(HostArtifact.flutterWebSdk).path,
        buildMode: buildInfo.mode,
        trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
        fileSystemRoots: fileSystemRoots ?? <String>[],
        // Override the filesystem scheme so that the frontend_server can find
        // the generated entrypoint code.
        fileSystemScheme: 'org-dartlang-app',
        initializeFromDill: getDefaultCachedKernelPath(
          trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
          dartDefines: buildInfo.dartDefines,
          extraFrontEndOptions: extraFrontEndOptions,
        ),
        targetModel: TargetModel.dartdevc,
        extraFrontEndOptions: extraFrontEndOptions,
        platformDill: globals.fs.file(globals.artifacts
          .getHostArtifact(platformDillArtifact))
          .absolute.uri.toString(),
        dartDefines: buildInfo.dartDefines,
        librariesSpec: globals.fs.file(globals.artifacts
          .getHostArtifact(HostArtifact.flutterWebLibrariesJson)).uri.toString(),
        packagesPath: buildInfo.packagesPath,
        artifacts: globals.artifacts,
        processManager: globals.processManager,
        logger: globals.logger,
        fileSystem: globals.fs,
        platform: platform,
      );
    } else {
      // The flutter-widget-cache feature only applies to run mode.
      List<String> extraFrontEndOptions = buildInfo.extraFrontEndOptions;
      extraFrontEndOptions = <String>[
        if (featureFlags.isSingleWidgetReloadEnabled)
         '--flutter-widget-cache',
        if (featureFlags.isExperimentalInvalidationStrategyEnabled)
          '--enable-experiment=alternative-invalidation-strategy',
        ...?extraFrontEndOptions,
      ];
      generator = ResidentCompiler(
        globals.artifacts.getArtifactPath(
          Artifact.flutterPatchedSdkPath,
          platform: targetPlatform,
          mode: buildInfo.mode,
        ),
        buildMode: buildInfo.mode,
        trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
        fileSystemRoots: fileSystemRoots,
        fileSystemScheme: fileSystemScheme,
        targetModel: targetModel,
        dartDefines: buildInfo.dartDefines,
        extraFrontEndOptions: extraFrontEndOptions,
        initializeFromDill: getDefaultCachedKernelPath(
          trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
          dartDefines: buildInfo.dartDefines,
          extraFrontEndOptions: extraFrontEndOptions,
        ),
        packagesPath: buildInfo.packagesPath,
        artifacts: globals.artifacts,
        processManager: globals.processManager,
        logger: globals.logger,
        platform: platform,
        fileSystem: globals.fs,
      );
    }

    return FlutterDevice(
      device,
      fileSystemRoots: fileSystemRoots,
      fileSystemScheme:fileSystemScheme,
      targetModel: targetModel,
      targetPlatform: targetPlatform,
      generator: generator,
      buildInfo: buildInfo,
      userIdentifier: userIdentifier,
    );
  }

  final TargetPlatform targetPlatform;
  final Device device;
  final ResidentCompiler generator;
  final BuildInfo buildInfo;
  final String userIdentifier;

  DevFSWriter devFSWriter;
  Stream<Uri> observatoryUris;
  FlutterVmService vmService;
  DevFS devFS;
  ApplicationPackage package;
  List<String> fileSystemRoots;
  String fileSystemScheme;
  StreamSubscription<String> _loggingSubscription;
  bool _isListeningForObservatoryUri;

  /// Whether the stream [observatoryUris] is still open.
  bool get isWaitingForObservatory => _isListeningForObservatoryUri ?? false;

  /// If the [reloadSources] parameter is not null the 'reloadSources' service
  /// will be registered.
  /// The 'reloadSources' service can be used by other Service Protocol clients
  /// connected to the VM (e.g. Observatory) to request a reload of the source
  /// code of the running application (a.k.a. HotReload).
  /// The 'compileExpression' service can be used to compile user-provided
  /// expressions requested during debugging of the application.
  /// This ensures that the reload process follows the normal orchestration of
  /// the Flutter Tools and not just the VM internal service.
  Future<void> connect({
    ReloadSources reloadSources,
    Restart restart,
    CompileExpression compileExpression,
    GetSkSLMethod getSkSLMethod,
    PrintStructuredErrorLogMethod printStructuredErrorLogMethod,
    int hostVmServicePort,
    int ddsPort,
    bool disableServiceAuthCodes = false,
    bool enableDds = true,
    @required bool allowExistingDdsInstance,
    bool ipv6 = false,
  }) {
    final Completer<void> completer = Completer<void>();
    StreamSubscription<void> subscription;
    bool isWaitingForVm = false;

    subscription = observatoryUris.listen((Uri observatoryUri) async {
      // FYI, this message is used as a sentinel in tests.
      globals.printTrace('Connecting to service protocol: $observatoryUri');
      isWaitingForVm = true;
      bool existingDds = false;
      FlutterVmService service;
      if (enableDds) {
        void handleError(Exception e, StackTrace st) {
          globals.printTrace('Fail to connect to service protocol: $observatoryUri: $e');
          if (!completer.isCompleted) {
            completer.completeError('failed to connect to $observatoryUri', st);
          }
        }
        // First check if the VM service is actually listening on observatoryUri as
        // this may not be the case when scraping logcat for URIs. If this URI is
        // from an old application instance, we shouldn't try and start DDS.
        try {
          service = await connectToVmService(observatoryUri, logger: globals.logger);
          await service.dispose();
        } on Exception catch (exception) {
          globals.printTrace('Fail to connect to service protocol: $observatoryUri: $exception');
          if (!completer.isCompleted && !_isListeningForObservatoryUri) {
            completer.completeError('failed to connect to $observatoryUri');
          }
          return;
        }

        // This first try block is meant to catch errors that occur during DDS startup
        // (e.g., failure to bind to a port, failure to connect to the VM service,
        // attaching to a VM service with existing clients, etc.).
        try {
          await device.dds.startDartDevelopmentService(
            observatoryUri,
            ddsPort,
            ipv6,
            disableServiceAuthCodes,
            logger: globals.logger,
          );
        } on dds.DartDevelopmentServiceException catch (e, st) {
          if (!allowExistingDdsInstance ||
              (e.errorCode != dds.DartDevelopmentServiceException.existingDdsInstanceError)) {
            handleError(e, st);
            return;
          } else {
            existingDds = true;
          }
        } on ToolExit {
          rethrow;
        } on Exception catch (e, st) {
          handleError(e, st);
          return;
        }
      }
      // This second try block handles cases where the VM service connection goes down
      // before flutter_tools connects to DDS. The DDS `done` future completes when DDS
      // shuts down, including after an error. If `done` completes before `connectToVmService`,
      // something went wrong that caused DDS to shutdown early.
      try {
        service = await Future.any<dynamic>(
          <Future<dynamic>>[
            connectToVmService(
              enableDds ? device.dds.uri : observatoryUri,
              reloadSources: reloadSources,
              restart: restart,
              compileExpression: compileExpression,
              getSkSLMethod: getSkSLMethod,
              printStructuredErrorLogMethod: printStructuredErrorLogMethod,
              device: device,
              logger: globals.logger,
            ),
            if (!existingDds)
              device.dds.done.whenComplete(() => throw Exception('DDS shut down too early')),
          ]
        ) as FlutterVmService;
      } on Exception catch (exception) {
        globals.printTrace('Fail to connect to service protocol: $observatoryUri: $exception');
        if (!completer.isCompleted && !_isListeningForObservatoryUri) {
          completer.completeError('failed to connect to $observatoryUri');
        }
        return;
      }
      if (completer.isCompleted) {
        return;
      }
      globals.printTrace('Successfully connected to service protocol: $observatoryUri');

      vmService = service;
      (await device.getLogReader(app: package)).connectedVMService = vmService;
      completer.complete();
      await subscription.cancel();
    }, onError: (dynamic error) {
      globals.printTrace('Fail to handle observatory URI: $error');
    }, onDone: () {
      _isListeningForObservatoryUri = false;
      if (!completer.isCompleted && !isWaitingForVm) {
        completer.completeError(Exception('connection to device ended too early'));
      }
    });
    _isListeningForObservatoryUri = true;
    return completer.future;
  }

  Future<void> exitApps({
    @visibleForTesting Duration timeoutDelay = const Duration(seconds: 10),
  }) async {
    if (!device.supportsFlutterExit || vmService == null) {
      return device.stopApp(package, userIdentifier: userIdentifier);
    }
    final List<FlutterView> views = await vmService.getFlutterViews();
    if (views == null || views.isEmpty) {
      return device.stopApp(package, userIdentifier: userIdentifier);
    }
    // If any of the flutter views are paused, we might not be able to
    // cleanly exit since the service extension may not have been registered.
    for (final FlutterView flutterView in views) {
      final vm_service.Isolate isolate = await vmService
        .getIsolateOrNull(flutterView.uiIsolate.id);
      if (isolate == null) {
        continue;
      }
      if (isPauseEvent(isolate.pauseEvent.kind)) {
        return device.stopApp(package, userIdentifier: userIdentifier);
      }
    }
    for (final FlutterView view in views) {
      if (view != null && view.uiIsolate != null) {
        // If successful, there will be no response from flutterExit. If the exit
        // method is not registered, this will complete with `false`.
        unawaited(vmService.flutterExit(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        ).then((bool exited) async {
          // If exiting the app failed, fall back to stopApp
          if (!exited) {
            await device.stopApp(package, userIdentifier: userIdentifier);
          }
        }));
      }
    }
    return vmService.service.onDone
      .catchError((dynamic error, StackTrace stackTrace) {
        globals.logger.printError(
          'unhandled error waiting for vm service exit:\n $error',
          stackTrace: stackTrace,
         );
      })
      .timeout(timeoutDelay, onTimeout: () {
        return device.stopApp(package, userIdentifier: userIdentifier);
      });
  }

  Future<Uri> setupDevFS(
    String fsName,
    Directory rootDirectory,
  ) {
    // One devFS per device. Shared by all running instances.
    devFS = DevFS(
      vmService,
      fsName,
      rootDirectory,
      osUtils: globals.os,
      fileSystem: globals.fs,
      logger: globals.logger,
    );
    return devFS.create();
  }

  Future<void> startEchoingDeviceLog() async {
    if (_loggingSubscription != null) {
      return;
    }
    final Stream<String> logStream = (await device.getLogReader(app: package)).logLines;
    if (logStream == null) {
      globals.printError('Failed to read device log stream');
      return;
    }
    _loggingSubscription = logStream.listen((String line) {
      if (!line.contains('Observatory listening on http')) {
        globals.printStatus(line, wrap: false);
      }
    });
  }

  Future<void> stopEchoingDeviceLog() async {
    if (_loggingSubscription == null) {
      return;
    }
    await _loggingSubscription.cancel();
    _loggingSubscription = null;
  }

  Future<void> initLogReader() async {
    final vm_service.VM vm = await vmService.service.getVM();
    final DeviceLogReader logReader = await device.getLogReader(app: package);
    logReader.appPid = vm.pid;
  }

  Future<int> runHot({
    HotRunner hotRunner,
    String route,
  }) async {
    final bool prebuiltMode = hotRunner.applicationBinary != null;
    final String modeName = hotRunner.debuggingOptions.buildInfo.friendlyModeName;
    globals.printStatus(
      'Launching ${getDisplayPath(hotRunner.mainPath, globals.fs)} '
      'on ${device.name} in $modeName mode...',
    );

    final TargetPlatform targetPlatform = await device.targetPlatform;
    package = await ApplicationPackageFactory.instance.getPackageForPlatform(
      targetPlatform,
      buildInfo: hotRunner.debuggingOptions.buildInfo,
      applicationBinary: hotRunner.applicationBinary,
    );

    if (package == null) {
      String message = 'No application found for $targetPlatform.';
      final String hint = await getMissingPackageHintForPlatform(targetPlatform);
      if (hint != null) {
        message += '\n$hint';
      }
      globals.printError(message);
      return 1;
    }
    devFSWriter = device.createDevFSWriter(package, userIdentifier);

    final Map<String, dynamic> platformArgs = <String, dynamic>{};

    await startEchoingDeviceLog();

    // Start the application.
    final Future<LaunchResult> futureResult = device.startApp(
      package,
      mainPath: hotRunner.mainPath,
      debuggingOptions: hotRunner.debuggingOptions,
      platformArgs: platformArgs,
      route: route,
      prebuiltApplication: prebuiltMode,
      ipv6: hotRunner.ipv6,
      userIdentifier: userIdentifier,
    );

    final LaunchResult result = await futureResult;

    if (!result.started) {
      globals.printError('Error launching application on ${device.name}.');
      await stopEchoingDeviceLog();
      return 2;
    }
    if (result.hasObservatory) {
      observatoryUris = Stream<Uri>
        .value(result.observatoryUri)
        .asBroadcastStream();
    } else {
      observatoryUris = const Stream<Uri>
        .empty()
        .asBroadcastStream();
    }
    return 0;
  }

  Future<int> runCold({
    ColdRunner coldRunner,
    String route,
  }) async {
    final TargetPlatform targetPlatform = await device.targetPlatform;
    package = await ApplicationPackageFactory.instance.getPackageForPlatform(
      targetPlatform,
      buildInfo: coldRunner.debuggingOptions.buildInfo,
      applicationBinary: coldRunner.applicationBinary,
    );
    devFSWriter = device.createDevFSWriter(package, userIdentifier);

    final String modeName = coldRunner.debuggingOptions.buildInfo.friendlyModeName;
    final bool prebuiltMode = coldRunner.applicationBinary != null;
    if (coldRunner.mainPath == null) {
      assert(prebuiltMode);
      globals.printStatus(
        'Launching ${package.displayName} '
        'on ${device.name} in $modeName mode...',
      );
    } else {
      globals.printStatus(
        'Launching ${getDisplayPath(coldRunner.mainPath, globals.fs)} '
        'on ${device.name} in $modeName mode...',
      );
    }

    if (package == null) {
      String message = 'No application found for $targetPlatform.';
      final String hint = await getMissingPackageHintForPlatform(targetPlatform);
      if (hint != null) {
        message += '\n$hint';
      }
      globals.printError(message);
      return 1;
    }

    final Map<String, dynamic> platformArgs = <String, dynamic>{};
    if (coldRunner.traceStartup != null) {
      platformArgs['trace-startup'] = coldRunner.traceStartup;
    }

    await startEchoingDeviceLog();

    final LaunchResult result = await device.startApp(
      package,
      mainPath: coldRunner.mainPath,
      debuggingOptions: coldRunner.debuggingOptions,
      platformArgs: platformArgs,
      route: route,
      prebuiltApplication: prebuiltMode,
      ipv6: coldRunner.ipv6,
      userIdentifier: userIdentifier,
    );

    if (!result.started) {
      globals.printError('Error running application on ${device.name}.');
      await stopEchoingDeviceLog();
      return 2;
    }
    if (result.hasObservatory) {
      observatoryUris = Stream<Uri>
        .value(result.observatoryUri)
        .asBroadcastStream();
    } else {
      observatoryUris = const Stream<Uri>
        .empty()
        .asBroadcastStream();
    }
    return 0;
  }

  Future<UpdateFSReport> updateDevFS({
    Uri mainUri,
    String target,
    AssetBundle bundle,
    DateTime firstBuildTime,
    bool bundleFirstUpload = false,
    bool bundleDirty = false,
    bool fullRestart = false,
    String projectRootPath,
    String pathToReload,
    @required String dillOutputPath,
    @required List<Uri> invalidatedFiles,
    @required PackageConfig packageConfig,
  }) async {
    final Status devFSStatus = globals.logger.startProgress(
      'Syncing files to device ${device.name}...',
    );
    UpdateFSReport report;
    try {
      report = await devFS.update(
        mainUri: mainUri,
        target: target,
        bundle: bundle,
        firstBuildTime: firstBuildTime,
        bundleFirstUpload: bundleFirstUpload,
        generator: generator,
        fullRestart: fullRestart,
        dillOutputPath: dillOutputPath,
        trackWidgetCreation: buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation,
        projectRootPath: projectRootPath,
        pathToReload: pathToReload,
        invalidatedFiles: invalidatedFiles,
        packageConfig: packageConfig,
        devFSWriter: devFSWriter,
      );
    } on DevFSException {
      devFSStatus.cancel();
      return UpdateFSReport(success: false);
    }
    devFSStatus.stop();
    globals.printTrace('Synced ${getSizeAsMB(report.syncedBytes)}.');
    return report;
  }

  Future<void> updateReloadStatus(bool wasReloadSuccessful) async {
    if (wasReloadSuccessful) {
      generator?.accept();
    } else {
      await generator?.reject();
    }
  }
}

/// A subset of the [ResidentRunner] for delegating to attached flutter devices.
abstract class ResidentHandlers {
  List<FlutterDevice> get flutterDevices;

  /// Whether the resident runner has hot reload and restart enabled.
  bool get hotMode;

  /// Whether the resident runner is connect to the device's VM Service.
  bool get supportsServiceProtocol;

  /// The application is running in debug mode.
  bool get isRunningDebug;

  /// The application is running in profile mode.
  bool get isRunningProfile;

  /// The application is running in release mode.
  bool get isRunningRelease;

  /// The resident runner should stay resident after establishing a connection with the
  /// application.
  bool get stayResident;

  /// Whether all of the connected devices support hot restart.
  ///
  /// To prevent scenarios where only a subset of devices are hot restarted,
  /// the runner requires that all attached devices can support hot restart
  /// before enabling it.
  bool get supportsRestart;

  /// Whether all of the connected devices support gathering SkSL.
  bool get supportsWriteSkSL;

  /// Whether all of the connected devices support hot reload.
  bool get canHotReload;

  ResidentDevtoolsHandler get residentDevtoolsHandler;

  @protected
  Logger get logger;

  @protected
  FileSystem get fileSystem;

  /// Called to print help to the terminal.
  void printHelp({ @required bool details });

  /// Perfor a hot reload or hot restart of all attached applications.
  ///
  /// If [fullRestart] is true, a hot restart is performed. Otherwise a hot reload
  /// is run instead. On web devices, this only performs a hot restart regardless of
  /// the value of [fullRestart].
  Future<OperationResult> restart({ bool fullRestart = false, bool pause = false, String reason }) {
    final String mode = isRunningProfile ? 'profile' :isRunningRelease ? 'release' : 'this';
    throw '${fullRestart ? 'Restart' : 'Reload'} is not supported in $mode mode';
  }

  /// Dump the application's current widget tree to the terminal.
  Future<bool> debugDumpApp() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        final String data = await device.vmService.flutterDebugDumpApp(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
        logger.printStatus(data);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Dump the application's current render tree to the terminal.
  Future<bool> debugDumpRenderTree() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        final String data = await device.vmService.flutterDebugDumpRenderTree(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
        logger.printStatus(data);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Dump the application's current layer tree to the terminal.
  Future<bool> debugDumpLayerTree() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol || !isRunningDebug) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        final String data = await device.vmService.flutterDebugDumpLayerTree(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
        logger.printStatus(data);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Dump the application's current semantics tree to the terminal.
  ///
  /// If semantics are not enabled, nothing is returned.
  Future<bool> debugDumpSemanticsTreeInTraversalOrder() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        final String data = await device.vmService.flutterDebugDumpSemanticsTreeInTraversalOrder(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
        logger.printStatus(data);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Dump the application's current semantics tree to the terminal.
  ///
  /// If semantics are not enabled, nothing is returned.
  Future<bool> debugDumpSemanticsTreeInInverseHitTestOrder() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        final String data = await device.vmService.flutterDebugDumpSemanticsTreeInInverseHitTestOrder(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
        logger.printStatus(data);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the "paint size" debugging feature.
  Future<bool> debugToggleDebugPaintSizeEnabled() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol || !isRunningDebug) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterToggleDebugPaintSizeEnabled(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the "elevation check" debugging feature.
  Future<bool> debugToggleDebugCheckElevationsEnabled() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterToggleDebugCheckElevationsEnabled(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the performance overlay.
  ///
  /// This is not supported in web mode.
  Future<bool> debugTogglePerformanceOverlayOverride() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      if (device.targetPlatform == TargetPlatform.web_javascript) {
        continue;
      }
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterTogglePerformanceOverlayOverride(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the widget inspector.
  Future<bool> debugToggleWidgetInspector() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterToggleWidgetInspector(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the "invert images" debugging feature.
  Future<bool> debugToggleInvertOversizedImages() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol || !isRunningDebug) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterToggleInvertOversizedImages(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the "profile widget builds" debugging feature.
  Future<bool> debugToggleProfileWidgetBuilds() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterToggleProfileWidgetBuilds(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Toggle the operating system brightness (light or dark).
  Future<bool> debugToggleBrightness() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return false;
    }
    final List<FlutterView> views = await flutterDevices.first.vmService.getFlutterViews();
    final Brightness current = await flutterDevices.first.vmService.flutterBrightnessOverride(
      isolateId: views.first.uiIsolate.id,
    );
    Brightness next;
    if (current == Brightness.light) {
      next = Brightness.dark;
    } else {
      next = Brightness.light;
    }
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterBrightnessOverride(
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
          brightness: next,
        );
      }
      logger.printStatus('Changed brightness to $next.');
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Rotate the application through different `defaultTargetPlatform` values.
  Future<bool> debugTogglePlatform() async {
    if (!supportsServiceProtocol || !isRunningDebug) {
      return false;
    }
    final List<FlutterView> views = await flutterDevices.first.vmService.getFlutterViews();
    final String from = await flutterDevices
      .first.vmService.flutterPlatformOverride(
        isolateId: views.first.uiIsolate.id,
      );
    final String to = nextPlatform(from);
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      final List<FlutterView> views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
      for (final FlutterView view in views) {
        await device.vmService.flutterPlatformOverride(
          platform: to,
          isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
        );
      }
    }
    logger.printStatus('Switched operating system to $to');
    return true;
  }

  /// Write the SkSL shaders to a zip file in build directory.
  ///
  /// Returns the name of the file, or `null` on failures.
  Future<String> writeSkSL() async {
    if (!supportsWriteSkSL) {
      throw Exception('writeSkSL is not supported by this runner.');
    }
    final List<FlutterView> views = await flutterDevices
      .first
      .vmService.getFlutterViews();
    final Map<String, Object> data = await flutterDevices.first.vmService.getSkSLs(
      viewId: views.first.id,
    );
    final Device device = flutterDevices.first.device;
    return sharedSkSlWriter(device, data);
  }

  /// Take a screenshot on the provided [device].
  ///
  /// If the device has a connected vmservice, this method will attempt to hide
  /// and restore the debug banner before taking the screenshot.
  ///
  /// If the device type does not support a "native" screenshot, then this
  /// will fallback to a rasterizer screenshot from the engine. This has the
  /// downside of being unable to display the contents of platform views.
  ///
  /// This method will return without writing the screenshot file if any
  /// RPC errors are encountered, printing them to stderr. This is true even
  /// if an error occurs after the data has already been received, such as
  /// from restoring the debug banner.
  Future<void> screenshot(FlutterDevice device) async {
    if (!device.device.supportsScreenshot && !supportsServiceProtocol) {
      return;
    }
    final Status status = logger.startProgress(
      'Taking screenshot for ${device.device.name}...',
    );
    final File outputFile = getUniqueFile(
      fileSystem.currentDirectory,
      'flutter',
      'png',
    );

    try {
      bool result;
      if (device.device.supportsScreenshot) {
        result = await _toggleDebugBanner(device, () => device.device.takeScreenshot(outputFile));
      } else {
        result = await _takeVmServiceScreenshot(device, outputFile);
      }
      if (!result) {
        return;
      }
      final int sizeKB = outputFile.lengthSync() ~/ 1024;
      status.stop();
      logger.printStatus(
        'Screenshot written to ${fileSystem.path.relative(outputFile.path)} (${sizeKB}kB).',
      );
    } on Exception catch (error) {
      status.cancel();
      logger.printError('Error taking screenshot: $error');
    }
  }

  Future<bool> _takeVmServiceScreenshot(FlutterDevice device, File outputFile) async {
    final bool isWebDevice = device.targetPlatform == TargetPlatform.web_javascript;
    assert(supportsServiceProtocol);

    return _toggleDebugBanner(device, () async {
      final vm_service.Response response = isWebDevice
        ? await device.vmService.callMethodWrapper('ext.dwds.screenshot')
        : await device.vmService.screenshot();
      if (response == null) {
       throw Exception('Failed to take screenshot');
      }
      final String data = response.json[isWebDevice ? 'data' : 'screenshot'] as String;
      outputFile.writeAsBytesSync(base64.decode(data));
    });
  }

  Future<bool> _toggleDebugBanner(FlutterDevice device, Future<void> Function() cb) async {
    List<FlutterView> views = <FlutterView>[];
    if (supportsServiceProtocol) {
      views = await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();
    }

    Future<bool> setDebugBanner(bool value) async {
      try {
        for (final FlutterView view in views) {
          await device.vmService.flutterDebugAllowBanner(
            value,
            isolateId: view.uiIsolate.id,
          );
        }
        return true;
      } on vm_service.RPCError catch (error) {
        logger.printError('Error communicating with Flutter on the device: $error');
        return false;
      }
    }
    if (!await setDebugBanner(false)) {
      return false;
    }
    bool succeeded = true;
    try {
      await cb();
    } finally {
      if (!await setDebugBanner(true)) {
        succeeded = false;
      }
    }
    return succeeded;
  }


  /// Remove sigusr signal handlers.
  Future<void> cleanupAfterSignal();

  /// Tear down the runner and leave the application running.
  ///
  /// This is not supported on web devices where the runner is running
  /// the application server as well.
  Future<void> detach();

  /// Tear down the runner and exit the application.
  Future<void> exit();

  /// Run any source generators, such as localizations.
  ///
  /// These are automatically run during hot restart, but can be
  /// triggered manually to see the updated generated code.
  Future<void> runSourceGenerators();
}

// Shared code between different resident application runners.
abstract class ResidentRunner extends ResidentHandlers {
  ResidentRunner(
    this.flutterDevices, {
    @required this.target,
    @required this.debuggingOptions,
    String projectRootPath,
    this.ipv6,
    this.stayResident = true,
    this.hotMode = true,
    String dillOutputPath,
    this.machine = false,
    ResidentDevtoolsHandlerFactory devtoolsHandler = createDefaultHandler,
  }) : mainPath = globals.fs.path.absolute(target),
       packagesFilePath = debuggingOptions.buildInfo.packagesPath,
       projectRootPath = projectRootPath ?? globals.fs.currentDirectory.path,
       _dillOutputPath = dillOutputPath,
       artifactDirectory = dillOutputPath == null
          ? globals.fs.systemTempDirectory.createTempSync('flutter_tool.')
          : globals.fs.file(dillOutputPath).parent,
       assetBundle = AssetBundleFactory.instance.createBundle(),
       commandHelp = CommandHelp(
         logger: globals.logger,
         terminal: globals.terminal,
         platform: globals.platform,
         outputPreferences: globals.outputPreferences,
       ) {
    if (!artifactDirectory.existsSync()) {
      artifactDirectory.createSync(recursive: true);
    }
    _residentDevtoolsHandler = devtoolsHandler(DevtoolsLauncher.instance, this, globals.logger);
  }

  @override
  Logger get logger => globals.logger;

  @override
  FileSystem get fileSystem => globals.fs;

  @override
  final List<FlutterDevice> flutterDevices;

  final String target;
  final DebuggingOptions debuggingOptions;

  @override
  final bool stayResident;
  final bool ipv6;
  final String _dillOutputPath;
  /// The parent location of the incremental artifacts.
  final Directory artifactDirectory;
  final String packagesFilePath;
  final String projectRootPath;
  final String mainPath;
  final AssetBundle assetBundle;

  final CommandHelp commandHelp;
  final bool machine;

  @override
  ResidentDevtoolsHandler get residentDevtoolsHandler => _residentDevtoolsHandler;
  ResidentDevtoolsHandler _residentDevtoolsHandler;

  bool _exited = false;
  Completer<int> _finished = Completer<int>();
  BuildResult _lastBuild;
  Environment _environment;

  @override
  bool hotMode;

  /// Returns true if every device is streaming observatory URIs.
  bool get isWaitingForObservatory {
    return flutterDevices.every((FlutterDevice device) {
      return device.isWaitingForObservatory;
    });
  }

  String get dillOutputPath => _dillOutputPath ?? globals.fs.path.join(artifactDirectory.path, 'app.dill');
  String getReloadPath({
    bool fullRestart = false,
    @required bool swap,
  }) {
    if (!fullRestart) {
      return 'main.dart.incremental.dill';
    }
    return 'main.dart${swap ? '.swap' : ''}.dill';
  }

  bool get debuggingEnabled => debuggingOptions.debuggingEnabled;

  @override
  bool get isRunningDebug => debuggingOptions.buildInfo.isDebug;

  @override
  bool get isRunningProfile => debuggingOptions.buildInfo.isProfile;

  @override
  bool get isRunningRelease => debuggingOptions.buildInfo.isRelease;

  @override
  bool get supportsServiceProtocol => isRunningDebug || isRunningProfile;

  @override
  bool get supportsWriteSkSL => supportsServiceProtocol;

  bool get trackWidgetCreation => debuggingOptions.buildInfo.trackWidgetCreation;

  // Returns the Uri of the first connected device for mobile,
  // and only connected device for web.
  //
  // Would be null if there is no device connected or
  // there is no devFS associated with the first device.
  Uri get uri => flutterDevices.first?.devFS?.baseUri;

  /// Returns [true] if the resident runner exited after invoking [exit()].
  bool get exited => _exited;

  @override
  bool get supportsRestart {
    return isRunningDebug && flutterDevices.every((FlutterDevice device) {
      return device.device.supportsHotRestart;
    });
  }

  @override
  bool get canHotReload => hotMode;

  /// Start the app and keep the process running during its lifetime.
  ///
  /// Returns the exit code that we should use for the flutter tool process; 0
  /// for success, 1 for user error (e.g. bad arguments), 2 for other failures.
  Future<int> run({
    Completer<DebugConnectionInfo> connectionInfoCompleter,
    Completer<void> appStartedCompleter,
    bool enableDevTools = false,
    String route,
  });

  Future<int> attach({
    Completer<DebugConnectionInfo> connectionInfoCompleter,
    Completer<void> appStartedCompleter,
    bool allowExistingDdsInstance = false,
    bool enableDevTools = false,
  });

  @override
  Future<void> runSourceGenerators() async {
    _environment ??= Environment(
      artifacts: globals.artifacts,
      logger: globals.logger,
      cacheDir: globals.cache.getRoot(),
      engineVersion: globals.flutterVersion.engineRevision,
      fileSystem: globals.fs,
      flutterRootDir: globals.fs.directory(Cache.flutterRoot),
      outputDir: globals.fs.directory(getBuildDirectory()),
      processManager: globals.processManager,
      platform: globals.platform,
      projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
      generateDartPluginRegistry: true,
    );

    final CompositeTarget compositeTarget = CompositeTarget(<Target>[
      const GenerateLocalizationsTarget(),
      const DartPluginRegistrantTarget(),
    ]);

    _lastBuild = await globals.buildSystem.buildIncremental(
      compositeTarget,
      _environment,
      _lastBuild,
    );
    if (!_lastBuild.success) {
      for (final ExceptionMeasurement exceptionMeasurement in _lastBuild.exceptions.values) {
        globals.logger.printError(
          exceptionMeasurement.exception.toString(),
          stackTrace: globals.logger.isVerbose
            ? exceptionMeasurement.stackTrace
            : null,
        );
      }
    }
    globals.logger.printTrace('complete');
  }

  @protected
  void writeVmServiceFile() {
    if (debuggingOptions.vmserviceOutFile != null) {
      try {
        final String address = flutterDevices.first.vmService.wsAddress.toString();
        final File vmserviceOutFile = globals.fs.file(debuggingOptions.vmserviceOutFile);
        vmserviceOutFile.createSync(recursive: true);
        vmserviceOutFile.writeAsStringSync(address);
      } on FileSystemException {
        globals.printError('Failed to write vmservice-out-file at ${debuggingOptions.vmserviceOutFile}');
      }
    }
  }

  @override
  Future<void> exit() async {
    _exited = true;
    await residentDevtoolsHandler.shutdown();
    await stopEchoingDeviceLog();
    await preExit();
    await exitApp(); // calls appFinished
    await shutdownDartDevelopmentService();
  }

  @override
  Future<void> detach() async {
    await residentDevtoolsHandler.shutdown();
    await stopEchoingDeviceLog();
    await preExit();
    await shutdownDartDevelopmentService();
    appFinished();
  }

  Future<void> stopEchoingDeviceLog() async {
    await Future.wait<void>(
      flutterDevices.map<Future<void>>((FlutterDevice device) => device.stopEchoingDeviceLog())
    );
  }

  Future<void> shutdownDartDevelopmentService() async {
    await Future.wait<void>(
      flutterDevices.map<Future<void>>(
        (FlutterDevice device) => device.device?.dds?.shutdown()
      ).where((Future<void> element) => element != null)
    );
  }

  @protected
  void cacheInitialDillCompilation() {
    if (_dillOutputPath != null) {
      return;
    }
    globals.logger.printTrace('Caching compiled dill');
    final File outputDill = globals.fs.file(dillOutputPath);
    if (outputDill.existsSync()) {
      final String copyPath = getDefaultCachedKernelPath(
        trackWidgetCreation: trackWidgetCreation,
        dartDefines: debuggingOptions.buildInfo.dartDefines,
        extraFrontEndOptions: debuggingOptions.buildInfo.extraFrontEndOptions,
      );
      globals.fs
          .file(copyPath)
          .parent
          .createSync(recursive: true);
      outputDill.copySync(copyPath);
    }
  }

  void printStructuredErrorLog(vm_service.Event event) {
    if (event.extensionKind == 'Flutter.Error' && !machine) {
      final Map<dynamic, dynamic> json = event.extensionData?.data;
      if (json != null && json.containsKey('renderedErrorText')) {
        globals.printStatus('\n${json['renderedErrorText']}');
      }
    }
  }

  /// If the [reloadSources] parameter is not null the 'reloadSources' service
  /// will be registered.
  //
  // Failures should be indicated by completing the future with an error, using
  // a string as the error object, which will be used by the caller (attach())
  // to display an error message.
  Future<void> connectToServiceProtocol({
    ReloadSources reloadSources,
    Restart restart,
    CompileExpression compileExpression,
    GetSkSLMethod getSkSLMethod,
    @required bool allowExistingDdsInstance,
  }) async {
    if (!debuggingOptions.debuggingEnabled) {
      throw 'The service protocol is not enabled.';
    }
    _finished = Completer<int>();
    // Listen for service protocol connection to close.
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      await device.connect(
        reloadSources: reloadSources,
        restart: restart,
        compileExpression: compileExpression,
        enableDds: debuggingOptions.enableDds,
        ddsPort: debuggingOptions.ddsPort,
        allowExistingDdsInstance: allowExistingDdsInstance,
        hostVmServicePort: debuggingOptions.hostVmServicePort,
        getSkSLMethod: getSkSLMethod,
        printStructuredErrorLogMethod: printStructuredErrorLog,
        ipv6: ipv6,
        disableServiceAuthCodes: debuggingOptions.disableServiceAuthCodes
      );
      await device.vmService.getFlutterViews();

      // This hooks up callbacks for when the connection stops in the future.
      // We don't want to wait for them. We don't handle errors in those callbacks'
      // futures either because they just print to logger and is not critical.
      unawaited(device.vmService.service.onDone.then<void>(
        _serviceProtocolDone,
        onError: _serviceProtocolError,
      ).whenComplete(_serviceDisconnected));
    }
  }

  Future<void> _serviceProtocolDone(dynamic object) async {
    globals.printTrace('Service protocol connection closed.');
  }

  Future<void> _serviceProtocolError(dynamic error, StackTrace stack) {
    globals.printTrace('Service protocol connection closed with an error: $error\n$stack');
    return Future<void>.error(error, stack);
  }

  void _serviceDisconnected() {
    if (_exited) {
      // User requested the application exit.
      return;
    }
    if (_finished.isCompleted) {
      return;
    }
    globals.printStatus('Lost connection to device.');
    _finished.complete(0);
  }

  void appFinished() {
    if (_finished.isCompleted) {
      return;
    }
    globals.printStatus('Application finished.');
    _finished.complete(0);
  }

  void appFailedToStart() {
    if (!_finished.isCompleted) {
      _finished.complete(1);
    }
  }

  Future<int> waitForAppToFinish() async {
    final int exitCode = await _finished.future;
    assert(exitCode != null);
    await cleanupAtFinish();
    return exitCode;
  }

  @mustCallSuper
  Future<void> preExit() async {
    // If _dillOutputPath is null, the tool created a temporary directory for
    // the dill.
    if (_dillOutputPath == null && artifactDirectory.existsSync()) {
      artifactDirectory.deleteSync(recursive: true);
    }
  }

  Future<void> exitApp() async {
    final List<Future<void>> futures = <Future<void>>[
      for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices)  device.exitApps(),
    ];
    await Future.wait(futures);
    appFinished();
  }

  bool get reportedDebuggers => _reportedDebuggers;
  bool _reportedDebuggers = false;

  void printDebuggerList({ bool includeObservatory = true, bool includeDevtools = true }) {
    final DevToolsServerAddress devToolsServerAddress = residentDevtoolsHandler.activeDevToolsServer;
    if (!residentDevtoolsHandler.readyToAnnounce) {
      includeDevtools = false;
    }
    assert(!includeDevtools || devToolsServerAddress != null);
    for (final FlutterDevice device in flutterDevices) {
      if (device.vmService == null) {
        continue;
      }
      if (includeObservatory) {
        // Caution: This log line is parsed by device lab tests.
        globals.printStatus(
          'An Observatory debugger and profiler on ${device.device.name} is available at: '
          '${device.vmService.httpAddress}',
        );
      }
      if (includeDevtools) {
        final Uri uri = devToolsServerAddress.uri?.replace(
          queryParameters: <String, dynamic>{'uri': '${device.vmService.httpAddress}'},
        );
        if (uri != null) {
          globals.printStatus(
            'The Flutter DevTools debugger and profiler '
            'on ${device.device.name} is available at: $uri',
          );
        }
      }
    }
    _reportedDebuggers = true;
  }

  void printHelpDetails() {
    commandHelp.v.print();
    if (flutterDevices.any((FlutterDevice d) => d.device.supportsScreenshot)) {
      commandHelp.s.print();
    }
    if (supportsServiceProtocol) {
      commandHelp.w.print();
      commandHelp.t.print();
      if (isRunningDebug) {
        commandHelp.L.print();
        commandHelp.S.print();
        commandHelp.U.print();
        commandHelp.i.print();
        commandHelp.p.print();
        commandHelp.I.print();
        commandHelp.o.print();
        commandHelp.b.print();
        commandHelp.z.print();
      } else {
        commandHelp.S.print();
        commandHelp.U.print();
      }
      // Performance related features: `P` should precede `a`, which should precede `M`.
      commandHelp.P.print();
      commandHelp.a.print();
      if (supportsWriteSkSL) {
        commandHelp.M.print();
      }
      if (isRunningDebug) {
        commandHelp.g.print();
      }
    }
  }

  @override
  Future<void> cleanupAfterSignal();

  /// Called right before we exit.
  Future<void> cleanupAtFinish();
}

class OperationResult {
  OperationResult(this.code, this.message, { this.fatal = false });

  /// The result of the operation; a non-zero code indicates a failure.
  final int code;

  /// A user facing message about the results of the operation.
  final String message;

  /// Whether this error should cause the runner to exit.
  final bool fatal;

  bool get isOk => code == 0;

  static final OperationResult ok = OperationResult(0, '');
}

Future<String> getMissingPackageHintForPlatform(TargetPlatform platform) async {
  switch (platform) {
    case TargetPlatform.android_arm:
    case TargetPlatform.android_arm64:
    case TargetPlatform.android_x64:
    case TargetPlatform.android_x86:
      final FlutterProject project = FlutterProject.current();
      final String manifestPath = globals.fs.path.relative(project.android.appManifestFile.path);
      return 'Is your project missing an $manifestPath?\nConsider running "flutter create ." to create one.';
    case TargetPlatform.ios:
      return 'Is your project missing an ios/Runner/Info.plist?\nConsider running "flutter create ." to create one.';
    default:
      return null;
  }
}

/// Redirects terminal commands to the correct resident runner methods.
class TerminalHandler {
  TerminalHandler(this.residentRunner, {
    @required Logger logger,
    @required Terminal terminal,
    @required Signals signals,
    @required io.ProcessInfo processInfo,
    @required bool reportReady,
    String pidFile,
  }) : _logger = logger,
       _terminal = terminal,
       _signals = signals,
       _processInfo = processInfo,
       _reportReady = reportReady,
       _pidFile = pidFile;

  final Logger _logger;
  final Terminal _terminal;
  final Signals _signals;
  final io.ProcessInfo _processInfo;
  final bool _reportReady;
  final String _pidFile;

  final ResidentHandlers residentRunner;
  bool _processingUserRequest = false;
  StreamSubscription<void> subscription;
  File _actualPidFile;

  @visibleForTesting
  String lastReceivedCommand;

  /// This is only a buffer logger in unit tests
  @visibleForTesting
  BufferLogger get logger => _logger as BufferLogger;

  void setupTerminal() {
    if (!_logger.quiet) {
      _logger.printStatus('');
      residentRunner.printHelp(details: false);
    }
    _terminal.singleCharMode = true;
    subscription = _terminal.keystrokes.listen(processTerminalInput);
  }

  final Map<io.ProcessSignal, Object> _signalTokens = <io.ProcessSignal, Object>{};

  void _addSignalHandler(io.ProcessSignal signal, SignalHandler handler) {
    _signalTokens[signal] = _signals.addHandler(signal, handler);
  }

  void registerSignalHandlers() {
    assert(residentRunner.stayResident);
    _addSignalHandler(io.ProcessSignal.sigint, _cleanUp);
    _addSignalHandler(io.ProcessSignal.sigterm, _cleanUp);
    if (residentRunner.supportsServiceProtocol && residentRunner.supportsRestart) {
      _addSignalHandler(io.ProcessSignal.sigusr1, _handleSignal);
      _addSignalHandler(io.ProcessSignal.sigusr2, _handleSignal);
      if (_pidFile != null) {
        _logger.printTrace('Writing pid to: $_pidFile');
        _actualPidFile = _processInfo.writePidFile(_pidFile);
      }
    }
  }

  /// Unregisters terminal signal and keystroke handlers.
  void stop() {
    assert(residentRunner.stayResident);
    if (_actualPidFile != null) {
      try {
        _logger.printTrace('Deleting pid file (${_actualPidFile.path}).');
        _actualPidFile.deleteSync();
      } on FileSystemException catch (error) {
        _logger.printError('Failed to delete pid file (${_actualPidFile.path}): ${error.message}');
      }
      _actualPidFile = null;
    }
    for (final MapEntry<io.ProcessSignal, Object> entry in _signalTokens.entries) {
      _signals.removeHandler(entry.key, entry.value);
    }
    _signalTokens.clear();
    subscription.cancel();
  }

  /// Returns [true] if the input has been handled by this function.
  Future<bool> _commonTerminalInputHandler(String character) async {
    _logger.printStatus(''); // the key the user tapped might be on this line
    switch (character) {
      case 'a':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleProfileWidgetBuilds();
      case 'b':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleBrightness();
      case 'c':
        _logger.clear();
        return true;
      case 'd':
      case 'D':
        await residentRunner.detach();
        return true;
      case 'g':
        await residentRunner.runSourceGenerators();
        return true;
      case 'h':
      case 'H':
      case '?':
        // help
        residentRunner.printHelp(details: true);
        return true;
      case 'i':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleWidgetInspector();
      case 'I':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleInvertOversizedImages();
      case 'L':
        return residentRunner.debugDumpLayerTree();
      case 'o':
      case 'O':
        return residentRunner.debugTogglePlatform();
      case 'M':
        if (residentRunner.supportsWriteSkSL) {
          await residentRunner.writeSkSL();
          return true;
        }
        return false;
      case 'p':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleDebugPaintSizeEnabled();
      case 'P':
        return residentRunner.debugTogglePerformanceOverlayOverride();
      case 'q':
      case 'Q':
        // exit
        await residentRunner.exit();
        return true;
      case 'r':
        if (!residentRunner.canHotReload) {
          return false;
        }
        final OperationResult result = await residentRunner.restart(fullRestart: false);
        if (result.fatal) {
          throwToolExit(result.message);
        }
        if (!result.isOk) {
          _logger.printStatus('Try again after fixing the above error(s).', emphasis: true);
        }
        return true;
      case 'R':
        // If hot restart is not supported for all devices, ignore the command.
        if (!residentRunner.supportsRestart || !residentRunner.hotMode) {
          return false;
        }
        final OperationResult result = await residentRunner.restart(fullRestart: true);
        if (result.fatal) {
          throwToolExit(result.message);
        }
        if (!result.isOk) {
          _logger.printStatus('Try again after fixing the above error(s).', emphasis: true);
        }
        return true;
      case 's':
        for (final FlutterDevice device in residentRunner.flutterDevices) {
          await residentRunner.screenshot(device);
        }
        return true;
      case 'S':
        return residentRunner.debugDumpSemanticsTreeInTraversalOrder();
      case 't':
      case 'T':
        return residentRunner.debugDumpRenderTree();
      case 'U':
        return residentRunner.debugDumpSemanticsTreeInInverseHitTestOrder();
      case 'v':
      case 'V':
        return residentRunner.residentDevtoolsHandler.launchDevToolsInBrowser(flutterDevices: residentRunner.flutterDevices);
      case 'w':
      case 'W':
        return residentRunner.debugDumpApp();
      case 'z':
      case 'Z':
        return residentRunner.debugToggleDebugCheckElevationsEnabled();
    }
    return false;
  }

  Future<void> processTerminalInput(String command) async {
    // When terminal doesn't support line mode, '\n' can sneak into the input.
    command = command.trim();
    if (_processingUserRequest) {
      _logger.printTrace('Ignoring terminal input: "$command" because we are busy.');
      return;
    }
    _processingUserRequest = true;
    try {
      lastReceivedCommand = command;
      await _commonTerminalInputHandler(command);
    // Catch all exception since this is doing cleanup and rethrowing.
    } catch (error, st) { // ignore: avoid_catches_without_on_clauses
      // Don't print stack traces for known error types.
      if (error is! ToolExit) {
        _logger.printError('$error\n$st');
      }
      await _cleanUp(null);
      rethrow;
    } finally {
      _processingUserRequest = false;
      if (_reportReady) {
        _logger.printStatus('ready');
      }
    }
  }

  Future<void> _handleSignal(io.ProcessSignal signal) async {
    if (_processingUserRequest) {
      _logger.printTrace('Ignoring signal: "$signal" because we are busy.');
      return;
    }
    _processingUserRequest = true;

    final bool fullRestart = signal == io.ProcessSignal.sigusr2;

    try {
      await residentRunner.restart(fullRestart: fullRestart);
    } finally {
      _processingUserRequest = false;
    }
  }

  Future<void> _cleanUp(io.ProcessSignal signal) async {
    _terminal.singleCharMode = false;
    await subscription?.cancel();
    await residentRunner.cleanupAfterSignal();
  }
}

class DebugConnectionInfo {
  DebugConnectionInfo({ this.httpUri, this.wsUri, this.baseUri });

  final Uri httpUri;
  final Uri wsUri;
  final String baseUri;
}

/// Returns the next platform value for the switcher.
///
/// These values must match what is available in
/// `packages/flutter/lib/src/foundation/binding.dart`.
String nextPlatform(String currentPlatform) {
  switch (currentPlatform) {
    case 'android':
      return 'iOS';
    case 'iOS':
      return 'fuchsia';
    case 'fuchsia':
      return 'macOS';
    case 'macOS':
      return 'android';
    default:
      assert(false); // Invalid current platform.
      return 'android';
  }
}

/// A launcher for the devtools debugger and analysis tool.
abstract class DevtoolsLauncher {
  static DevtoolsLauncher get instance => context.get<DevtoolsLauncher>();

  /// Serve Dart DevTools and return the host and port they are available on.
  ///
  /// This method must return a future that is guaranteed not to fail, because it
  /// will be used in unawaited contexts. It may, however, return null.
  Future<DevToolsServerAddress> serve();

  /// Launch a Dart DevTools process, optionally targeting a specific VM Service
  /// URI if [vmServiceUri] is non-null.
  ///
  /// [additionalArguments] may be optionally specified and are passed directly
  /// to the devtools run command.
  ///
  /// This method must return a future that is guaranteed not to fail, because it
  /// will be used in unawaited contexts.
  Future<void> launch(Uri vmServiceUri, {List<String> additionalArguments});

  Future<void> close();

  /// When measuring devtools memory via addtional arguments, the launch process
  /// will technically never complete.
  ///
  /// Us this as an indicator that the process has started.
  Future<void> processStart;

  /// Returns a future that completes when the DevTools server is ready.
  ///
  /// Completes when [devToolsUrl] is set. That can be set either directly, or
  /// by calling [serve].
  Future<void> get ready => _readyCompleter.future;
  Completer<void> _readyCompleter = Completer<void>();

  Uri get devToolsUrl => _devToolsUrl;
  Uri _devToolsUrl;
  set devToolsUrl(Uri value) {
    assert((_devToolsUrl == null) != (value == null));
    _devToolsUrl = value;
    if (_devToolsUrl != null) {
      _readyCompleter.complete();
    } else {
      _readyCompleter = Completer<void>();
    }
  }

  /// The URL of the current DevTools server.
  ///
  /// Returns null if [ready] is not complete.
  DevToolsServerAddress get activeDevToolsServer {
    if (_devToolsUrl == null) {
      return null;
    }
    return DevToolsServerAddress(devToolsUrl.host, devToolsUrl.port);
  }
}

class DevToolsServerAddress {
  DevToolsServerAddress(this.host, this.port);

  final String host;
  final int port;

  Uri get uri {
    if (host == null || port == null) {
      return null;
    }
    return Uri(scheme: 'http', host: host, port: port);
  }
}