* Update project.pbxproj files to say Flutter rather than Chromium

Also, the templates now have an empty organization so that we don't cause people to give their apps a Flutter copyright.

* Update the copyright notice checker to require a standard notice on all files

* Update copyrights on Dart files. (This was a mechanical commit.)

* Fix weird license headers on Dart files that deviate from our conventions; relicense Shrine.

Some were already marked "The Flutter Authors", not clear why. Their
dates have been normalized. Some were missing the blank line after the
license. Some were randomly different in trivial ways for no apparent
reason (e.g. missing the trailing period).

* Clean up the copyrights in non-Dart files. (Manual edits.)

Also, make sure templates don't have copyrights.

* Fix some more ORGANIZATIONNAMEs

* implicit-casts:false on flutter_tools/lib

* address review comments

* use castStringKeyedMap

* introduce {bool,string,strings}Arg

* fix ci

* enable lint unnecessary_new

* fix tests

* fix tests

* fix tests

* Fixes resulting from audit of issues links

I looked at every link to GitHub in our repo. For cases where we had a TODO that was waiting for a bug to be fixed, and the bug has now been fixed, I applied the pending change. For cases where the link was out of date, I updated the link.

* Update run_test.dart

skip this test again since it failed on linux and macos bots

It was causing problems rolling Flutter into Fuchsia

* re-enable lint unnecessary_const

* remove trailling whitespaces

* remove unnecessary const (after merge)

This reverts commit cc1cf13e.

This updates AppContext per the recommendations in #15352

Fixes #15352

`all.dart` is no longer needed. Furthermore, it causes tests to
be skipped, or to silently fail to run anything.

Fixes #7941

This adds support for a `--bug-report` flag, which is a recording
that:
  - includes the arguments that were passed to the command runner
  - is zipped up for easy attachment in Guthub issues

...now that we have generic methods, their types need to be specified too.

As of Dart SDK 1.22.0-dev.5.0, `Process.exitCode` is no longer
mutable (that SDK version picks up https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/commit/e5a16b1ca56414af3008afb8833660f95a9d06da).
This change allows the tools code to pass analysis in sdk versions both
before and after that change, to allow for analysis against both the host and
target sdks.

This ensures that accidental usages of dart:io's
file API don't creep in over time.

This removes direct file access from within flutter_tools
in favor of using `package:file` via a `FileSystem` that's
accessed via the `ApplicationContext`.

This lays the groundwork for us to be able to easily swap
out the underlying file system when running Flutter tools,
which will be used to provide a record/replay file system,
analogous to what we have for process invocations.

This argument will enable mocking of os-layer process invocations,
where the mock behavior will come from replaying a previously-
recorded set of invocations. At the point of process invocation,
the key metadata for the invocation will be looked up in the
recording's manifest, and iff a matching record exists in the
manifest, the process will be mocked out with data derived from
the corresponding recorded process (e.g. stdout, stderr, exit code).

* Add --record-to option to flutter tools

This option will cause flutter tools to record all process
invocations that occur and serialize their stdout and stderr
to files that get added to a "recording" ZIP file. This is
part of an effort to be able to test flutter tools in a hermetic
environment.

As a side-benefit, this recording should prove an excellent
attachment to any bug report.

With this change, they're run via instance methods on an object
obtained through the context. This will allow us to substitute
that object in tests with replay/record versions to allow us to
mock out the os-layer in tests.