Partially fixes/related to: https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/131425

Fixes #124252, finishing work on the umbrella tracking issue, #126126.

Essentially, after this PR, no (non-test) code should be be referencing/invoking the java home or binary paths.

Relands #126086, which was reverted by #126569.

Reverts flutter/flutter#126086.

This PR changed the interfaces of some classes, namely `AndroidSdk`, and deleted a global.

These classes had custom overrides in g3 that were not updated with a g3fix, so this PR has broken tests. See https://b.corp.google.com/issues/281945232 (non-public link)

This is the first step in unifying Java-finding logic across the tool. If curious, see #126029 for an example of what all the changes will probably entail.

Moves java-related functionality like `AndroidSdk.findJavaHome` to a new class, `Java`.

See tracking issue https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/126126 for more.

fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/120405

https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/123917

Doc covering a broad set of issues related to android studio updating. 

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hTXkjbUrBnXgu8NQsth1c3aEqo77rWoEj8CcsQ39wwQ/edit?pli=1#

Specifically this pr: 
- Adds new functions to find a projects AGP, Gradle and java versions,
and tests.
- Adds new functions that take versions and parse if the versions are
compatible with each other, and tests.
- Adds validator for `flutter analyze --suggestions` that evaluates the
java/gradle/agp versions and checks if they are compatible, and
integration test.
- Updates the version of gradle used by
dev/integration_tests/flutter_gallery/ to the minimum supported by java
18 so that the integration tests pass (It is unknown why the java
version is 18.9 instead of 11)
- Moves `isWithinVersionRange` to version.dart, and tests. 
- Adds FakeAndroidStudio to fakes to be used in multiple tests but does
not remove existing copies.

Metrics will be included as part of the definition of done for this bug
but not as part of this cl. It is already too big.

Known work still left in this pr: 
* Understand why analyze integration tests are failing. 


Example output if Java and gradle are not compatible: 
```
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ General Info                                                      │
│ [✓] App Name: espresso_example                                    │
│ [✓] Supported Platforms: android                                  │
│ [✓] Is Flutter Package: yes                                       │
│ [✓] Uses Material Design: yes                                     │
│ [✓] Is Plugin: no                                                 │
│ [✗] Java/Gradle/Android Gradle Plugin:                            │
│                                                                   │
│ Incompatible Java/Gradle versions.                                │
│                                                                   │
│ Java Version: 17.0.6, Gradle Version: 7.0.2                       │
│                                                                   │
│ See the link below for more information.                          │
│ https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/compatibility.html#java │
│                                                                   │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
Example output if Gradle and AGP are not compatible
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ General Info                                                                │
│ [✓] App Name: espresso_example                                              │
│ [✓] Supported Platforms: android                                            │
│ [✓] Is Flutter Package: yes                                                 │
│ [✓] Uses Material Design: yes                                               │
│ [✓] Is Plugin: no                                                           │
│ [✗] Java/Gradle/Android Gradle Plugin: Incompatible Gradle/AGP versions.    │
│                                                                             │
│ Gradle Version: 7.0.2, AGP Version: 7.4.2                                   │
│                                                                             │
│ Update gradle to at least "7.5".                                            │
│ See the link below for more information:                                    │
│ https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/gradle-plugin#updating-gradle │
│                                                                             │
│ Incompatible Java/Gradle versions.                                          │
│                                                                             │
│ Java Version: 17.0.6, Gradle Version: 7.0.2                                 │
│                                                                             │
│ See the link below for more information:                                    │
│ https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/compatibility.html#java           │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
Example output if Java/Gradle/Agp are not compatible. 
```

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ General Info                                                                │
│ [✓] App Name: espresso_example                                              │
│ [✓] Supported Platforms: android                                            │
│ [✓] Is Flutter Package: yes                                                 │
│ [✓] Uses Material Design: yes                                               │
│ [✓] Is Plugin: no                                                           │
│ [✗] Java/Gradle/Android Gradle Plugin: Incompatible Gradle/AGP versions.    │
│                                                                             │
│ Gradle Version: 7.0.2, AGP Version: 7.4.2                                   │
│                                                                             │
│ Update gradle to at least "7.5".                                            │
│ See the link below for more information:                                    │
│ https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/gradle-plugin#updating-gradle │
│                                                                             │
│ Incompatible Java/Gradle versions.                                          │
│                                                                             │
│ Java Version: 17.0.6, Gradle Version: 7.0.2                                 │
│                                                                             │
│ See the link below for more information:                                    │
│ https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/compatibility.html#java           │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

Commit messages
- Add function to gradle_utils.dart that gets the gradle version from
wrapper or system and add a test for each situation
- Add method to get agp version, add method to validate agp against
gradle version, update documentation, add tests for agp validation.
- Update dart doc for validateGradleAndAgp to describe where the info
came from and corner case behavior, create function to validate java and
gradle and hardcode return to false
- Fill out and test java gradle compatibility function in gradle_utils
- Hook up java gradle evaluateion to hasValidJavaGradleAgpVersions with
hardcoded java version
- Add java --version output parsing and tests
- Add getJavaBinary test
- Update comment in android_sdk for mac behavior with java_home -v

## Pre-launch Checklist

- [x] I read the [Contributor Guide] and followed the process outlined
there for submitting PRs.
- [x] I read the [Tree Hygiene] wiki page, which explains my
responsibilities.
- [x] I read and followed the [Flutter Style Guide], including [Features
we expect every widget to implement].
- [x] I signed the [CLA].
- [x] I listed at least one issue that this PR fixes in the description
above.
- [x] I updated/added relevant documentation (doc comments with `///`).
- [x] I added new tests to check the change I am making, or this PR is
[test-exempt].
- [ ] All existing and new tests are passing.

* exclude xcworkspace that begins with a period

* fix if spacing, add comment

* add unit test for when no xcworkspace found

* update to use xcodeWorkspace, make it nullable and refactor

* check if hostAppRoot exists before trying to get xcworkspace

* use local variables to take advantage of type promotion

* only check if not null, don't need to check if exists

* readd exist check for migrate

* readd missing line at end of file

This reverts commit e1337218.

The code to generate platform files used to use the presence of an
'example' folder to determine whether or not a project was a plugin (in
which case that generation is bypassed). Later, robust detection was
added based on the pubspec.yaml `plugin` key, but the old check was left
in place. This creates false positives where people who add an example
folder to their app project start getting mysterious failures.

Since the pubspec check is definitive, there's no reason to continue to
use the presence of `example` as an indicator at all.

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/87007

Revert "Reland "Exit on deprecated v1 embedding when trying to run or build (#92901)" (#93386)" (#93518)

This reverts commit eabb7cbc.

It broke multiple tests.

This reverts commit 6153bbef.

This reverts commit 9038fac9.

This reverts commit 058dfd49.