Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/2403

I have an e-mail ready to send to flutter-dev about this.

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/1346

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/2369

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/2436

We get the icons from the iconfont now.

Also, remove the package:flutter CHANGELOG.md.  This file is outdated and the
git history is a more accurate change log these days.

This is a variety of trivial fixes that I collected while going through the dartdocs.
This does contain some non-comment changes.

Fixes #2361

This enum doesn't make sense anymore now that we can arbitrarily colorize
icons.  Instead, we just use a Color, which is both simpler and can be
interpolated during animations.

Fixes #1279

Rather than managing all the Material Design icons manually, we now
manage them using an icon font. The icon font contains glyphs for each
icon in an efficient vector format.

This patch updates the FLX tooling to include the MaterialIcons font and
updates the Icon widget to use the font instead of asset images.

Fixes #2313
Fixes #2218
Fixes #2009
Fixes #994

Fixes #1381

This concept is now private to AnimationController. All the clients actually
want the AnimationStatus.

We don't need these keys. Also, improve style in several places.

Fixes #2225

Also:
 - add operator==/hashCode/toString to ViewportDimensions
 - add toString to BindingBase
 - add toString and debugFillDescription to ScrollBehavior
 - fix a bug in the RawGestureDetectorState's replaceGestureRecognizers
 - rename MixedViewport's onExtentsUpdate to onExtentChanged
 - replace ExtentsUpdateCallback with ValueChanged<double>
 - remove a microtask for dispatching scroll start, since it
   did not appear to have any purpose
 - added dartdocs to Instrumentation until I understood it
 - made all event dispatch in Instrumentation drain microtasks

There's no reason to make clients supply a PointerRounter and a
GestureArena when constructing gesture recognizers. These objects are
statics and the gesture recognizers can just grab them directly.

Also, remove the callback constructor arguments. Almost no code used
them. Instead, people seem to prefer using the `..` operator to set
callbacks on the recognizers. Removing the arguments removes a bunch of
boilerplate.

Now we just have one TextSpan class that handles both simple strings, trees of
children, and styling both. This approach simplifies the interface for most
clients.

This patch also removes StyledText, which was weakly typed and tricky to use
correctly. The replacement is RichText, which is strongly typed and uses
TextSpan.

In the dark theme, there isn't really a primary swatch, so this API was
a sandtrap. Instead, be explicit about the colors we need for various
widgets in the theme.

Fixes #1277

These files are already in the "material" folder. They don't need to be
prefixed with material again.

Fixes #702

The example in the spec with multiple actions is an anti-example.

Fixes #1876

This patch improves the checkbox animation as suggested by the design
team. The color transition now occurs earlier in the animation and there
are fewer components to the animation.

Fixes #1614

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/1331

Hopefully this will be enough to start with. If this continues to be a
point of confusion we can see about adding more documentation or
changing the API somehow.

We were using an Offset, which represented pixels/second, but it wasn't
clear to clients whether that was pixels/ms. Now we use a Velocity class
that is explict about the units.

Fixes #1510
Fixes #785

This makes it match the material spec more.
https://www.google.com/design/spec/style/icons.html

Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/1357

Drawer doesn't need a SizeObserver, since it only looks at the size
in event handlers. It can just go and probe the tree to read the size.

Also, change from using _kEdgeDragWidth to using _kWidth when figuring
out how much of the drawer to show when dragging it from the edge, since
that is more likely to match the drawer's width.