Refactor RenderObject.toStringDeep and Widget.toStringDeep code to use DiagnosticsNode.

This patch adds a notification to SliverChildDelegate that says which
children are alive after each layout. The delegate can use this
information to optimize it's underlying model of the children (e.g., by
discarding models for children that are far outside the live range).

Fixes #9045

This patch covers multi-box adaptor and the viewports.

Also, some renames for more accuracy.

We weren't triggering a relayout when the number of children changed.

Fixes #8001

This quantity is actually the layoutOffset of the child, not its scroll offset.

This patch makes Scrollable2.ensureVisible with SingleChildScrollView. A future
patch will extend the implementation to work with slivers. (Although the patch
does include some of the infrastructure for that part of the implementation as
well.)

This patch adds grid supports to slivers and introduces a ScrollGrid
convenience class for making the common types of scrollable grids.

This patch also deploys ScrollGrid in an example in the Flutter Gallery.

Add SliverList

A SliverList is a linear layout of box children in a viewport that all
have a common, fixed extent along the scroll axis. The layout is similar
to a SliverBlock but more efficient.