These tests should hit some previously untested lines.

This patch adds tests for some code paths we weren't hitting before and removes
some dead code that couldn't be tested because it was unreachable.

* Change how navigator prevents redundant operations

Instead of requiring transactions, we now cancel all active pointers that are
interacting with the navigator and absorb future pointers until we get a chance
to build. This approach isn't perfect (e.g., events that trigger off the
cancelled pointers could still interact with the navigator), but it should be
better than the current transaction-based approach.

Fixes #4716

* Remove openTransaction

* test

* fixup

Previously we supplied individual parameters to the various drag and pan
callbacks. However, that approach isn't extensible because each new
parameter is a breaking change to the API.

This patch makes a one-time breaking change to the API to provide a
"details" object that we can extend over time as we need to expose more
information. The first planned extension is adding enough information to
accurately produce an overscroll glow on Android.

We'll use this functionality to implement some subtle behaviors for tooltips.

This makes it possible to substitute 'flutter run' for 'flutter test'
and actually watch a test run on a device.

For any test that depends on flutter_test:

1. Remove any import of 'package:test/test.dart'.

2. Replace `testWidgets('...', (WidgetTester tester) {`
      with `testWidgets('...', (WidgetTester tester) async {`

3. Add an "await" in front of calls to any of the following:
    * tap()
    * tapAt()
    * fling()
    * flingFrom()
    * scroll()
    * scrollAt()
    * pump()
    * pumpWidget()

4. Replace any calls to `tester.flushMicrotasks()` with calls to
   `await tester.idle()`.

There's a guarding API that you can use, if you have particularly
complicated tests, to get better error messages. Search for
TestAsyncUtils.

Wait until the end of the microtask to tell gesture recognizers that
they've won in the gesture arena. This lets recognizers dispose reject
themselves at arbitrary times without triggering gestures in awkward
call stacks.

Fixes #3183

The old names were getting silly and started stepping on valuable namespace.

The new names are consistent and clear.

We're getting back to the point where we have a bunch of foundation APIs
and it's getting confusing having them mixed with services/.

Also, change the keys to be explicitly pointer ids.

Fixes #202

And fix a zillion omissions this uncovered.

There's no reason to make clients supply a PointerRounter and a
GestureArena when constructing gesture recognizers. These objects are
statics and the gesture recognizers can just grab them directly.

Also, remove the callback constructor arguments. Almost no code used
them. Instead, people seem to prefer using the `..` operator to set
callbacks on the recognizers. Removing the arguments removes a bunch of
boilerplate.

We were using an Offset, which represented pixels/second, but it wasn't
clear to clients whether that was pixels/ms. Now we use a Velocity class
that is explict about the units.

Fixes #1510
Fixes #785

The pointer router was using an iteration pattern that always delivers
handleEvent calls even if you remove a route during the iteration.
That's awkward to program against and causes trouble for the double-tap
gesture.

This patch switches PointerRouter to using a re-entrant iteration
pattern that supports removing routes (but not adding routes) during the
iteration.