Revert "[flutter_tools] reland: fold process resolution logic into the flutter tool (#67957)" (#67968)

This reverts commit bd813879.

Reland of #67669

The flutter tool has a number of crashes on stable where an ArgumentError is thrown due to the process manager not being able to resolve an executable.

So that we can adjust/modify this logic, fold it into flutter and add some additional logging.
caches the resolved executable per target directory, to avoid repeated look ups.
Instead of throwing an argument error, attempts to run the executable as given if an exact path can't be found
Accept files or symlinks for the executable path.
user where/which to resolve path instead of package:process logic.

This reverts commit 10c78c26.

The flutter tool has a number of crashes on stable where an ArgumentError is thrown due to the process manager not being able to resolve an executable. Fold the resolution logic into the tool and use where/which instead of the package:process specific logic.

This reverts commit 2be4570d.

This reverts commit 5c858036.

This reverts commit 53fee1be.

This reverts commit 5c858036.

Prefer using `.of()` (which is statically type-checked) over
`.from()` (which is dynamically type-checked) when possible.