Makes the flutter tool retry on a bad gateway network error from gradle (#140670)

Seen in https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/140643

packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/android/gradle_errors.dart

@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ final GradleHandledError networkErrorHandler = GradleHandledError(
   test: _lineMatcher(const <String>[
     'java.io.FileNotFoundException: https://downloads.gradle.org',
     'java.io.IOException: Unable to tunnel through proxy',
+    'java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 502',
     'java.lang.RuntimeException: Timeout of',
     'java.util.zip.ZipException: error in opening zip file',
     'javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Remote host closed connection during handshake',

packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/android/gradle_errors_test.dart

@@ -171,6 +171,39 @@ at org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain.main(GradleWrapperMain.java:61)''';
       ProcessManager: () => processManager,
     });
 
+    testUsingContext('retries if gradle fails downloading with bad gateway error', () async {
+      const String errorMessage = r'''
+Exception in thread "main" java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 502 for URL: https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/696192900/1e77bbfb-4cde-4376-92ea-fc4ff57b8362?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=FFFF%2F20231220%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20231220T160553Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=ffff&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=696192900&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dgradle-8.2.1-all.zip&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
+at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1997)
+at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1589)
+at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:224)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.downloadInternal(Download.java:58)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.download(Download.java:44)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.Install$1.call(Install.java:61)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.Install$1.call(Install.java:48)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.ExclusiveFileAccessManager.access(ExclusiveFileAccessManager.java:65)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.Install.createDist(Install.java:48)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.WrapperExecutor.execute(WrapperExecutor.java:128)
+at org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain.main(GradleWrapperMain.java:61)''';
+
+      expect(formatTestErrorMessage(errorMessage, networkErrorHandler), isTrue);
+      expect(await networkErrorHandler.handler(
+        line: '',
+        multidexEnabled: true,
+        project: FakeFlutterProject(),
+        usesAndroidX: true,
+      ), equals(GradleBuildStatus.retry));
+
+      expect(testLogger.errorText,
+        contains(
+          'Gradle threw an error while downloading artifacts from the network.'
+        )
+      );
+    }, overrides: <Type, Generator>{
+      FileSystem: () => fileSystem,
+      ProcessManager: () => processManager,
+    });
+
     testUsingContext('retries if gradle times out waiting for exclusive access to zip', () async {
       const String errorMessage = '''
 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Timeout of 120000 reached waiting for exclusive access to file: /User/documents/gradle-5.6.2-all.zip