This PR includes the `widthFactor` and `heightFactor` when computing the intrinsic size of a `RenderPositionedBox`.

<details><summary>Code sample</summary>

Red should have a height of 100, blue one of 200.

```dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Intrinsic Bug',
      theme: ThemeData(
        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),
        useMaterial3: true,
      ),
      home: Scaffold(
        body: Row(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: [
            Expanded(
              child: IntrinsicHeight(
                child: Align(
                  heightFactor: 0.5,
                  child: Container(
                    height: 200,
                    color: Colors.red,
                  ),
                ),
              ),
            ),
            Expanded(
              child: Container(
                height: 200,
                color: Colors.blue,
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
```
</details>

Before:
![grafik](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/45403027/447d8b9b-e7f3-482a-900d-53e436830321)
After:
![grafik](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/45403027/6d1a104b-3327-47e2-8b36-798ed0136793)

Fix #135822