In `flutter doctor -v`, when JRE is too out-of-date to run `sdkmanager`, print...

In `flutter doctor -v`, when JRE is too out-of-date to run `sdkmanager`, print a helpful error message (#138762)

Closes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/138132. See this issue for more information.

packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/android/android_workflow.dart

@@ -389,12 +389,16 @@ class AndroidLicenseValidator extends DoctorValidator {
         ),
       );
 
+      final List<String> stderrLines = <String>[];
       // Wait for stdout and stderr to be fully processed, because process.exitCode
       // may complete first.
       try {
         await Future.wait<void>(<Future<void>>[
           _stdio.addStdoutStream(process.stdout),
-          _stdio.addStderrStream(process.stderr),
+          process.stderr.forEach((List<int> event) {
+            _stdio.stderr.add(event);
+            stderrLines.add(utf8.decode(event));
+          }),
         ]);
       } on Exception catch (err, stack) {
         _logger.printTrace('Echoing stdout or stderr from the license subprocess failed:');
@@ -403,11 +407,7 @@ class AndroidLicenseValidator extends DoctorValidator {
 
       final int exitCode = await process.exitCode;
       if (exitCode != 0) {
-        throwToolExit(_userMessages.androidCannotRunSdkManager(
-          _androidSdk.sdkManagerPath ?? '',
-          'exited code $exitCode',
-          _platform,
-        ));
+        throwToolExit(_messageForSdkManagerError(stderrLines, exitCode));
       }
       return true;
     } on ProcessException catch (e) {
@@ -426,4 +426,30 @@ class AndroidLicenseValidator extends DoctorValidator {
     }
     return _processManager.canRun(sdkManagerPath);
   }
+
+  String _messageForSdkManagerError(
+    List<String> androidSdkStderr,
+    int exitCode,
+  ) {
+    final String sdkManagerPath = _androidSdk!.sdkManagerPath!;
+
+    final bool failedDueToJdkIncompatibility = androidSdkStderr.join().contains(
+      RegExp(r'java\.lang\.UnsupportedClassVersionError.*SdkManagerCli '
+        r'has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime'));
+
+    if (failedDueToJdkIncompatibility) {
+      return 'Android sdkmanager tool was found, but failed to run ($sdkManagerPath): "exited code $exitCode".\n'
+        'It appears the version of the Java binary used (${_java!.binaryPath}) is '
+        'too out-of-date and is incompatible with the Android sdkmanager tool.\n'
+        'If the Java binary came bundled with Android Studio, consider updating '
+        'your installation of Android studio. Alternatively, you can uninstall '
+        'the Android SDK command-line tools and install an earlier version. ';
+    }
+
+    return _userMessages.androidCannotRunSdkManager(
+      sdkManagerPath,
+      'exited code $exitCode',
+      _platform,
+    );
+  }
 }

packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/base/user_messages.dart

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class UserMessages {
       'Unable to locate Android SDK.\n'
       'Install Android Studio from: https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html\n'
       'On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK components.\n'
-      '(or visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions).\n'
+      '(or visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions).\n'
       'If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, please use\n'
       '`flutter config --android-sdk` to update to that location.\n';
   String androidSdkLocation(String directory) => 'Android SDK at $directory';
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ class UserMessages {
       'Platform $platform, build-tools $tools';
   String androidSdkInstallHelp(Platform platform) =>
       'Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK,\n'
-      'visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
+      'visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
   // Also occurs in AndroidLicenseValidator
   String androidStatusInfo(String version) => 'Android SDK version $version';
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class UserMessages {
   String androidLicensesUnknown(Platform platform) =>
       'Android license status unknown.\n'
       'Run `flutter doctor --android-licenses` to accept the SDK licenses.\n'
-      'See ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for more details.';
+      'See ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for more details.';
   String androidSdkManagerOutdated(String managerPath) =>
       'A newer version of the Android SDK is required. To update, run:\n'
       '$managerPath --update\n';
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ class UserMessages {
   String androidMissingSdkManager(String sdkManagerPath, Platform platform) =>
       'Android sdkmanager tool not found ($sdkManagerPath).\n'
       'Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK,\n'
-      'visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
+      'visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
   String androidCannotRunSdkManager(String sdkManagerPath, String error, Platform platform) =>
       'Android sdkmanager tool was found, but failed to run ($sdkManagerPath): "$error".\n'
       'Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK,\n'
-      'visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
+      'visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
   String androidSdkBuildToolsOutdated(int sdkMinVersion, String buildToolsMinVersion, Platform platform) =>
       'Flutter requires Android SDK $sdkMinVersion and the Android BuildTools $buildToolsMinVersion\n'
-      'To update the Android SDK visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
+      'To update the Android SDK visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions.';
   String get androidMissingCmdTools => 'cmdline-tools component is missing\n'
       'Run `path/to/sdkmanager --install "cmdline-tools;latest"`\n'
       'See https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line for more details.';
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class UserMessages {
       'but Android Studio not found at this location.';
   String androidStudioInstallation(Platform platform) =>
       'Android Studio not found; download from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html\n'
-      '(or visit ${_androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions).';
+      '(or visit ${androidSdkInstallUrl(platform)} for detailed instructions).';
 
   // Messages used in XcodeValidator
   String xcodeLocation(String location) => 'Xcode at $location';
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class UserMessages {
       'Read more about iOS versioning at\n'
       'https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CoreFoundationKeys.html\n';
 
-  String _androidSdkInstallUrl(Platform platform) {
+  String androidSdkInstallUrl(Platform platform) {
     const String baseUrl = 'https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install';
     const String fragment = '#android-setup';
     if (platform.isMacOS) {

packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/android/android_workflow_test.dart

@@ -578,6 +578,42 @@ Review licenses that have not been accepted (y/N)?
       true,
     );
   });
+
+  testWithoutContext('Asks user to upgrade Android Studio when it is too far behind the Android SDK', () async {
+    const String sdkManagerPath = '/foo/bar/sdkmanager';
+    sdk.sdkManagerPath = sdkManagerPath;
+    final BufferLogger logger = BufferLogger.test();
+    processManager.addCommand(
+      const FakeCommand(
+        command: <String>[sdkManagerPath, '--licenses'],
+        exitCode: 1,
+        stderr: '''
+Error: LinkageError occurred while loading main class com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCli
+        java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/android/sdklib/tool/sdkmanager/SdkManagerCli has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0
+Android sdkmanager tool was found, but failed to run
+''',
+      ),
+    );
+
+    final AndroidLicenseValidator licenseValidator = AndroidLicenseValidator(
+      java: FakeJava(),
+      androidSdk: sdk,
+      processManager: processManager,
+      platform: FakePlatform(environment: <String, String>{'HOME': '/home/me'}),
+      stdio: stdio,
+      logger: logger,
+      userMessages: UserMessages(),
+    );
+
+    await expectLater(
+      licenseValidator.runLicenseManager(),
+      throwsToolExit(
+        message: RegExp('.*consider updating your installation of Android studio. Alternatively, you.*'),
+      ),
+    );
+    expect(processManager, hasNoRemainingExpectations);
+    expect(stdio.stderr.getAndClear(), contains('UnsupportedClassVersionError'));
+  });
 }
 
 class FakeAndroidSdk extends Fake implements AndroidSdk {