Fix Image's logical flow which disposes its image too early, causing errors...

Fix Image's logical flow which disposes its image too early, causing errors such as "Cannot clone a disposed image" (#110131)

packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/image.dart

@@ -1173,7 +1173,8 @@ class _ImageState extends State<Image> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   }
 
   void _replaceImage({required ImageInfo? info}) {
-    _imageInfo?.dispose();
+    final ImageInfo? oldImageInfo = _imageInfo;
+    SchedulerBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback((_) => oldImageInfo?.dispose());
     _imageInfo = info;
   }
 

packages/flutter/test/widgets/image_test.dart

@@ -35,6 +35,53 @@ void main() {
     imageCache.maximumSize = originalCacheSize;
   });
 
+  testWidgets('Verify Image does not use disposed handles', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    final ui.Image image100x100 = (await tester.runAsync(() async => createTestImage(width: 100, height: 100)))!;
+
+    final _TestImageProvider imageProvider1 = _TestImageProvider();
+    final _TestImageProvider imageProvider2 = _TestImageProvider();
+
+    final ValueNotifier<_TestImageProvider> imageListenable = ValueNotifier<_TestImageProvider>(imageProvider1);
+    final ValueNotifier<int> innerListenable = ValueNotifier<int>(0);
+
+    bool imageLoaded = false;
+
+    await tester.pumpWidget(ValueListenableBuilder<_TestImageProvider>(
+      valueListenable: imageListenable,
+      builder: (BuildContext context, _TestImageProvider image, Widget? child) => Image(
+        image: image,
+        frameBuilder: (BuildContext context, Widget child, int? frame, bool wasSynchronouslyLoaded) {
+          if (frame == 0) {
+            imageLoaded = true;
+          }
+          return LayoutBuilder(
+            builder: (BuildContext context, BoxConstraints constraints) => ValueListenableBuilder<int>(
+              valueListenable: innerListenable,
+              builder: (BuildContext context, int value, Widget? valueListenableChild) => KeyedSubtree(
+                key: UniqueKey(),
+                child: child,
+              ),
+            ),
+          );
+        },
+      ),
+    ));
+
+    imageLoaded = false;
+    imageProvider1.complete(image10x10);
+    await tester.idle();
+    await tester.pump();
+    expect(imageLoaded, true);
+
+    imageLoaded = false;
+    imageListenable.value = imageProvider2;
+    innerListenable.value += 1;
+    imageProvider2.complete(image100x100);
+    await tester.idle();
+    await tester.pump();
+    expect(imageLoaded, true);
+  });
+
   testWidgets('Verify Image resets its RenderImage when changing providers', (WidgetTester tester) async {
     final GlobalKey key = GlobalKey();
     final _TestImageProvider imageProvider1 = _TestImageProvider();